All Plastic
Plastic as a source of Environmental Pollution What is the solution?
Plastic as a source of environmental pollution as that's the solution?
Karki Dr.Kedar
Background:
Plastics are synthetic substances produced by chemical reactions. Almost all plastics are made from oil, but few experimental resins derived from corn and other organic substances.
"Plastics" derived their behalf of their properties to be molded, cast, extruded or processed into a variety of forms, including solid objects, films and filaments. These properties are derived of its molecular structure. Plastics are polymers, very long chain molecules that consist of subunits (monomers) linked together by chemical bonds. The monomers of petrochemical plastics are inorganic materials (such as styrene) and are not biodegradable.
Plastic has many properties which made a material of choice for manufactures plastic bags and packaging materials. The production cost, light weight, strength, easy to manufacture process, and availability are some of the properties. There is nothing wrong with plastic as material. The man has not only put the plastic for the correct use or use it without paying care and other standards related to use.
As packaging PLASTIC MATERIAL:
Plastic has replaced the traditional materials (paper / cloth etc) as packaging and bags because of cost and convenience that is probably a poor choice of material for such use. Although plastic bags can preserve food and can be used for growing vegetables in a controlled environment and method of disposal has created pollution problems unprecedented.
Plastic has many more uses than plastic bags and packing material. It is used for the manufacture of protective covers and parts for many machines, which should be the preferred tool for plastic.
SHOPPING CULTURE IN DAYS PAST:
Before the advent of poly-bags, people had the shop, buy things, carrying groceries in the market, and that the same campaign, as is done now. How do they do? The raw material of the bag is decided by its use. Cloth bags for objects light, jute bags or jute bags for bulky and heavy products. The cost does not justify the throwaway attitude. These bags are washable and reusable for a period of six months one year.
Plastics and environmental risks:
Dangers plastics pose are numerous. The earth is filled with garbage bag have an ugly plastic and unsanitary seen. The "Throw away culture" results in these bags finding their way into the drainage system of the city block that is inconvenient, difficult to maintain drainage at a higher cost, creates unhygienic environment resulting in health hazard and the spread of disease waterborne. This also reduces the rate of waste filter rainwater, resulting in the reduction of already low water levels in our cities. Fertility soil deteriorates as the plastic bags still the form of manure in the soil for years.
It has been observed that animals that eat the bags sometimes die. Plastic in the ocean is already a body of water infested plastic. Fish and other marine life in waterways, lack of understanding of waste plastic and swallow food and die.
STRICTLY FORBIDDEN TO BE PLASTIC?
Many household items like needles, scissors blades and heart if not handled properly. Children need to be trained in proper handling. These utility items are not prohibited. But because to pull of culture and transient non-objection, advice on the rational disposition of the plastic bags are not served by the general public forcing the government to consider banning plastic bags all together.
"If wearing plastic bags and bottles be banned as a whole? "- is a hot topic today. The average annual world is an alarming 18 kg. But many do in our cities has a huge population. The country has not taken very seriously the issue and have a uniform law throughout the country for assignments Rear plastic bags. People should be educated on ways appropriate plastic bag use and disposal. Education should start from primary schools. The plastic is an environmentally friendly material. The problem is real junk, some say. But there is hardly anyone who disagrees with this view.
Rational thought, the idea of educating people about plastic bags although very ambitious, and as difficult as the smoking ban and the more conventional alternatives tested offers an easy, if the solution is not completely fair and practical.
And all the hype that poly-bags pollute is not entirely false. Not that the poly-bags are responsible for the evils, of course, is not human being. It is ignorance (or who cares attitude). We have not banned needles to pierce through the skin. It's a stupid idea. Whether it is the citizen common, government official or the manufacturer of plastic bags most affected, they all agree on one point – firm steps are required to be taken against plastic garbage bags and bottles everywhere.
The global dimension
Over 100 million tons of plastic are produced throughout the world each year. Though plastics have opened the way to a plethora of new inventions and devices has also completed the blockage of drains and become a health hazard. Many countries, including India, are trying to increase the amount of plastic that is recycled. But the commercial interests of creating obstacles for effective legislation to remove the plastic products which may endanger public health. There is also a clear trend of sending the waste plastics developed countries in the developed and developing countries.
Alternative future – ecological PLASTICS:
But technology newest also being developed in this regard. This involves the use of degradable plastics. The main one is to incorporate plastic chemical that photodegradable / biodegradable or chemically treatable.
By adding starch, biodegradable plastics are usually made. The burial plastics are attacked by bacteria feeding on starch, which breaks these tiny particles that disappear harmlessly into the ground. Some common examples biodegradable plastics are the use of suture material "immovable" in the surgery or drug capsules, which dissolve slowly in body fluids body.
Chemically degradable plastics can be dissolved by spraying with a solution that makes it dissolve. For example, such material may be used as a protective wax covering the new cars that are washed off at the dealer's garage by a specially formulated spray. This spray reacts with one of the plastic components and causes it to dissolve into harmless materials that can be flushed down the drain.
Photo-degradable plastics contain chemicals which gradually disintegrate when exposed to light. In France, the plastic strips of photo-degradable about 3 ft (1mtr) wide are used to retain soil heat and produce early crops. Its duration is about 1 to 3 years before rotting on the ground. But they must be used in places with a constant amount of sun to decay at a predictable rate. In the U.S., about one quarter of the plastic yokes cans of beer in a six-link are made of plastic packages Ecolyte called, which is photo-degradable. But to stop them rotting too soon, should be stored away from direct sunlight, which can be of any inconvenience for the retailer.
However degradable plastic can have a few other problems. For example, you can not recycle because there is no easy way to measure time remaining life. The biggest drawback is the cost of production. But Japanese scientists say will soon be able to produce much cheaper biodegradable plastic purpose. In order to avoid disposal problems and prevent
Environmental pollution caused by routinely used polythene packaging materials but it would be prudent at this time, packaging using environmentally friendly paper. Manufacturers of plastic containers such as bottles of soft drinks / bottles etc mineral water must come forward and develop appropriate methods of disposal sole responsibility for removal.
Plastic bags are so light and strong that can lead to a normal weight, inexpensive and used in all types of stores in our daily lives. For example, bakeries, doctors, supermarkets, hotels, etc. People are so used to it, which is very difficult to discard it. Plastic bags have made it possible for people to go without shopping bags or work as these bags are available to make and can be launched without a second thought.
People hiking, visiting historic sites mountain resorts, etc., to enjoy their holiday or simply bring a change of food in containers, plastic bags, bottles of mineral water (from plastic), plastic plates and plastic cups and generally are left outdoors after consuming the content. You can find this in resorts scattered everywhere. roads providers also use plastic cups to serve coffee or tea. Customers to launch these cups walking routes or near drains after consuming the content.
These plastic materials are so light that are carried away by the speed of the moving vehicle, wind, etc, spread for everything, so the surroundings are ugly. There are cases where these materials have been blocked underground drains. People are in the habit of throwing things not wherever needed, regardless of the outcome. People should be especially educated about the use of plastics in our daily lives, because the environment is hostile. Boys and girls, men and women with bags on their backs and a stick in one hand walking long distances, collecting plastic waste, paper, bottles, etc, from of dustbins, roadsides is a common sight in our cities. These scavengers sell waste collected, the collection center for a living. These materials recycled.
The waste materials collected are of all types, including plastic materials, like plastic bags, plastic cups, plastic bottles, etc. Instead of taking away these wastes, which are burned on the edge of the road polluting the area with thick smoke that produce toxic gases (from burning material plastic) that endanger health. The inhalation of these gases cause lung disease and even cancer. Resort to burning of waste material with the intention is to reduce the number of trips trucks must take. Plastic non-degradable, when buried under the ground, stopping the water infiltration on the ground. animal grazing in the field of eating this type of plastic waste with the hay can not be excluded. Today, in almost all functions, has become a practice of using thin plastic sheets to cover the dining tables to give a good look and also to make it easy to clean the table, as surplus can be removed by rolling the sheet in one go. These are dumped near the rubbish bin.
Besides this, thin plastic cups are also used for drinking water, which also finds a place in the dustbin. One can find near the trash can, waiting for slum children, crows, stray cows, dogs share the leftovers. In this process, they fight each other and the cows lost in most cases have used thin sheets of plastic, together with the left again, leads to untold suffering, and also found dead on many occasions. Therefore, he suggested prohibiting the use of plastic sheets, plastic cups, with plastic bags. plastic manufacturing industries plastic bags (below 20 micron) foil, thin glasses and bottles fine should be informed about its adverse effects on the environment and advised not to manufacture such items. If the industry is in a residential area area should be taken to change immediately. The factory management should take all measures to control pollution created within the specified standards.
THE SOLUTION.
The solution is as follows:
1. suitable for making bags and packaging materials at a competitive rate and convenience without any negative side alternatives.
2. Develpoment Reaserch and plastic environments more friendly.
3. Educate users to the methods right elimination.
4. Reduce the number of users by reducing the population in the long term.
5. Process plant, etc. to higher density in order to reduce the number of bags needed to pack and transport.
6. Encourage reusable bags from traditional materials by adequate publicity to be fashionable.
7. MFG Cost bags with traditional material can be supported by print advertising in the bags.
About the Author
Dr.Kedar Karki.M.V.St. Preventive Veterinary Medicine CLSU Philippines
Senior Veterinary Officer
Central Veterinary Laboratory
Tripureshwor
Kathmandu Nepal
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